Which anatomical variant is present in this sonogram of the gallbladder?

Which anatomical variant is present in this sonogram of the gallbladder?

• A. Duplication
• B. Phyrgian cap
• C. Hartmann's pouch
• D. Intrahepatic location

Answer: (B)

The presence of a Phrygian cap is characterized by a folding of the fundus of the gallbladder, which creates a characteristic appearance on sonographic images. This anatomical variant is often asymptomatic and may be noted incidentally during abdominal imaging. On the sonogram, the Phrygian cap will typically present as a distinct contour of the gallbladder with a prominent bend or fold in the fundus, giving it a somewhat "cap-like" appearance. In the context of the other anatomical variants, duplication would imply the presence of an additional gallbladder, Hartmann's pouch refers to an outpouching at the neck of the gallbladder which can sometimes be confused for pathology, and intrahepatic location indicates that the gallbladder is located within the liver parenchyma rather than in its usual position. While these are all relevant gallbladder variants, they do not match the specific sonographic appearance associated with the Phrygian cap, which is particularly identified by the distinctive folding at the fundus.

The presence of a Phrygian cap is characterized by a folding of the fundus of the gallbladder, which creates a characteristic appearance on sonographic images. This anatomical variant is often asymptomatic and may be noted incidentally during abdominal imaging. On the sonogram, the Phrygian cap will typically present as a distinct contour of the gallbladder with a prominent bend or fold in the fundus, giving it a somewhat "cap-like" appearance.

In the context of the other anatomical variants, duplication would imply the presence of an additional gallbladder, Hartmann's pouch refers to an outpouching at the neck of the gallbladder which can sometimes be confused for pathology, and intrahepatic location indicates that the gallbladder is located within the liver parenchyma rather than in its usual position. While these are all relevant gallbladder variants, they do not match the specific sonographic appearance associated with the Phrygian cap, which is particularly identified by the distinctive folding at the fundus.